Side saddle is a style of riding in which the rider sits with both legs on one side of the horse — traditionally the left (near) side — rather than astride. The side saddle itself features two pommels: the upper pommel (fixed horn) hooks over the right thigh, and the leaping head (lower pommel) hooks under the left thigh, holding the rider securely in the seat. Side saddle riding has a history spanning centuries and remains a living discipline in showing, equitation classes, and ceremonial events.
History and Origins
Side saddle riding became established in Europe during the 14th and 15th centuries, largely as a response to the expectation that women of rank should ride modestly rather than astride. Early side saddles were simple affairs with a single support, requiring the rider to be led or to ride only at walk. The development of the leaping head in the 19th century — credited variously to French and English saddlers — transformed the safety and functionality of the side saddle dramatically, allowing women to jump, gallop, and ride at competition level.
At its Victorian and Edwardian peak, side saddle was universal for women in polite society. The decline came with the early 20th century, as riding astride became accepted for women across most disciplines. Today, side saddle riding is maintained primarily through showing classes and specialist societies.
The Side Saddle in Detail
A quality side saddle is a precision-engineered piece of equipment. The two pommels are critical to safety and balance. The fixed horn (upper pommel) sits above the right thigh and braces it against lateral movement. The leaping head curves down and to the left, hooking under the left thigh and preventing the rider from being unseated when jumping or in a sudden movement. Together they create a secure, three-point contact that, when correctly fitted, is remarkably stable.
Fitting a side saddle correctly is a specialist skill. A poorly balanced saddle will twist on the horse’s back, causing uneven pressure, muscle damage, and asymmetrical movement. Expert side saddle fitters assess both the horse’s conformation and the rider’s position simultaneously. The balance, or level, of the saddle must be precisely horizontal — a saddle that tilts to one side will compound problems over time.
Riding Position and Technique
A correct side saddle position requires the rider to sit squarely with both hips level, despite being turned slightly to the right. The spine should remain straight and upright, the shoulders level, and the weight evenly distributed through the seat bones. A common fault is for the rider to collapse to the left — toward the horse’s near side — which unbalances both horse and rider and puts asymmetrical load on the saddle.
The left foot sits in a single stirrup iron, which should be adjusted to allow a slight bend in the knee. The right leg drapes over the upper pommel with relaxed contact, while the left thigh hooks under the leaping head for security. The rider controls the horse through the reins, position, and leg and seat aids just as an astride rider does — the apparent restriction of the position does not preclude sophisticated riding.
Side Saddle in Competition
Side saddle showing classes are held at county shows, affiliated shows, and national championships under the auspices of the Side Saddle Association in the UK. Classes include equitation (judged on the rider’s position and presentation), show hunter classes, and costume classes in which horse and rider are turned out in period dress. The BHS also recognises side saddle as a legitimate discipline within British equestrian sport.
Any horse can carry a side saddle provided it has been correctly fitted and the horse has been introduced to the equipment gradually. However, horses with broader, more level backs are generally more comfortable to fit. Some horses take time to adjust to the asymmetric weight distribution of a side saddle rider.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is side saddle safe?
Yes — when correctly fitted and ridden with proper technique. The two-pommel design provides secure purchase in most situations, including jumping. Historical records show that side saddle riders completed point-to-point races, hunted across difficult country, and competed at high levels. The key risks arise from poorly fitted saddles or riders without adequate instruction.
Can men ride side saddle?
Yes. While side saddle is overwhelmingly associated with women due to its historical context, there is no physical reason a man cannot ride side saddle. Male side saddle riders do exist, primarily in costume and ceremonial contexts, and are occasionally seen in competition classes.
Where can I learn to ride side saddle?
The Side Saddle Association maintains a register of qualified instructors throughout the UK. Many traditional riding schools also offer introductory sessions. Starting with a correctly fitted saddle on a calm, experienced horse is essential — attempting side saddle on an inappropriate horse or an ill-fitting saddle is genuinely unsafe for a beginner.